Shock-absorber.



G. C. MARTN.

SHOCK ABSORBR,

APPLICATION PELED SBPT-11. su

Patented Sept. 24, 1912 GEGRGE CUSHING MAB/TIN. 0F LOS ANGELES. CALIFORNIA.

Application led September 11. 1915.

Specification of Letters, Patent.

ntented Sept. 24, 1912.

"Sei'ia No, 648,799A

Be it linoivn that l, Groer; C Mirino Mut- TD', a Citizen of the United States, refilling at Los Angeline;` in the county ot Los, Andries and State ot California. have invented nee; and useful lmproveniente in Shoolhihbirtw ers` of whieh the followingy is a Speeiiiratioii.

Thin invention is an improvement upon the shock ahem-her el forth in lietterwlat ent of the Unite-il States Xo. 993.5213 granted to me May lit). 1911.y and in nvhieh a rshoe is caused to engage a eireular wall to pretext. relative rotation between two hodie@ in one direction and to allow tree rotation ot said bodies in the other diret'L ion. the purpose being to vieldingly rereiezt the reveil ot fn spring which is otherwhe left fret'.

Objects ot this invention aie. to the eil'eetivene,4 ot the derive, and )lit'y and improi e the eonstrm'tion :x adjustability of the device.

The invention may he appiied ii: wir formel and ways.

rlhe arvonipanvving draniirl` i invention in tivo ot the torni may be embodied.

Figure 1 a |sectional view on line L Fig. 2, ot' :1 shock :tht-sorbet* e 1-n trnetetl in uceordanee with thix invention. Fig. l i a sectional vien ot Said shock absorber on 1r regular line u2*1f'. shown in Fig, t and' partly indieated in Fig. 3. Fig. I i a ide elevation oll they hoel absorber applied for t use. Fig. Jr in: a pelpeeiire view oi' the tioat ing adjusting' hlocli; tietael-.ed if i a View analogous to Fig. V1 i. wtraiing the invention in another form.

The relatiiely rotatable element-y and 2 are adapted tor attaelm'ient to two relatively l movable partnl of a vehicle as th.x eliassi@ and axle 4 through an): praetieal means af. the connecting rod 5 and the clip (t: .said rod 5 being pivoted by the holt T to the arm :i 3 which is :in extension from the element t Said element 1 eomprisesa plate /L provided on one side with an annular seat .7; and a receased radially Qlotted body fi'. and also 5 provided with threaded holes 17 ivherehf.' it` i, is adapted to be l'aetened to the @harde 1 by bolts 9. The face plate 1t) if; fastened by Screws 11 in .said holes d to the body ff and 1 is provided with an annular seat e. The plate 1() practically former a part ot' element i. 1. The element has a circular ring wall forming an annular trietional surface 122 and fitting with an oil tight joint in the l l the enna-nt i.

` thro.

omging too between the plates rz and 10 ot The bolts 9 and screws 11 may he rewind into opposite ends of the same thiwadete' hoh@ ff which extend through he hamm 1. lhe hotly e ot' element 1 is painted hv the .dots V15S into an odd number o1' radially renewed arms 1J. having Chamiiiti i' oei#` a: elowd al one end and open at'the l end Springe 113 are seated 1n said The inner portionS of the radial have parallel walls and the outer 1T ot the eloimhers are of reduced Y 11h. so that` 'the outer portions ot' the @lots are outwardly expanded to allow a rainning motion ot' the toggle-joint memher:` 1S. the inner ends; ot' which resty pivi mail) in feats formed by the intermediate ivedgw, 1h hat are `uatamed against inner to; ihr roofed adjustingV block 20 in '--ihifh the wedges tit. Said toggle-joint i n; era 15 au; of an odd number correigj to the number ot arms. and such wenn 11 pres ing out of its chamio loi-wf the toggle members 18 e clawed tace ot' the adjacent arm. are interpoied between the annular tl xairt'at'e 12 and the outer ends ot 'gie metallici-.f 1S. there being as many .hoef zu there are toggle members 18; and he Shaun heimf adapted when in place inside l te t'rietioi, mrtaee 12 to normally hold the iig-11e tmemifehl 1S deflected from radial punition to rompre the springs 1G. The

` outer walls ot' the ehamherby 15 form stops to hohl the innig in place and to keep the toggle meint me and their wedges from The spring-pressed toggle thor; .euppoiefl Awrve as operative means to fort-e the hoes into frietional Contact with the eireuhir all upon relative rotation het een their elementey in one direction. The shoe-e '2.1. 21' are of resilient material and have external faces, that do not conform te the trictional surare 12. Said externa] l fares may be formed of the material of the shoe itself. but are preferably formed of glitter material fiber or aluminum, and are, indieated at in Fig. 1 and at 22 in Fig. 5i. The toggle members 18 act upon the fahnen oppofiite the points whore the external face are farthest from the frictional surface 12, so that when pressure is applied to the ShoesY through the operation of the toggie. other pointeof the shoes will first contact with the trietional face 12 and further oigieration of the toggle joints will tend to spring the shoes toward conformity with the frictional surface.

In the form shown in Fig. 1 the exterior' face of the shoe is of greater radius than the frictional surface L?. of the ring and the toggle member is applied to the shoe at the inner side and midway between the ends, so that the ends of the shoe Contact with the frictional surface 1Q while the middle of the shoe is farthest separated from such surface. Vhen pressure is applied through the toggle the tendency will be to spring the shoe to a smaller radius so to conform with the frictional surface ln thc form shown in Fig. the exterior face of each shoe is of less radius than the frietional surface 1Q and the toggle joint members are supplemented by seats eX- tendingr between and contacting with the 'shoes at the points farthest from the fric- Vtional surface l2. so that when pressure is applied through the toggle-joint the tendency will be to spring the shoe to a larger radius and toward or into conformity with the frictional surface l2. The floating means to force the shoes into conformity with ythe wall in each of the instances shown, is practically arranged between the shoes; that is to say, they are inside the circle formed by the shoes and act outwardly upon the shoes to force them into Contact with the ring. The adjusting block 2O corresponds in a general way with the adjusting block shown in my cited patent and is adjusted along the intermediate wedges 19 by a springpressed adjusting bolt 124i the. spring Q5 for which constantly tends to force the adjusting block to wedging position so as to maintain an equal adjustment and take up thc wear. That is to by tightening the bolt 24, the spring Q5 is put` under a required tension "and the force holds the adjusting block` and consequently the toggle members in apjfiropriate operative position. The adjusting bolt 2l passes through a hole "t of larger diameter than the bolt and the spring rests on the plate l0 around said hole; consequently. the adj ustiiu;V block, the wedges toggle members and thc shoes are practical floatingr members insi e the ring. By providing: an odd number of arms for the body or core member as shown. a tripod effect is given to the toggle members` thus providingr a Heating center support at the block 2O which equalizes any difference there may be between the length of the elements comprising' the shoe, the toggle members and the intermediate wedge. This insures an equal operation of all of the brake shoes.

The shoes do not norniallv conform to the inside radius of the ring; and separated points 27, Qi" of contact. with intermediate grease or oil chambers :2%. .28 are thus provided between the shoe and the ring when the deviceis in a releasingr position. Thisinsures more perfect lulgn'ication during operation and also insures a, more positive grip between they brake shoe and the ring at the beginning of the retarding' motion. .Vhen the shock absorber is rotated in a direction opposite to the releasing direction, rotation in this direction which tends to spread the toggrlcs also tends to force the brake shoes into conformity with the ring. This provides for the final braking' action7 as much friction surface as thc patented device provided, and the braking' operation is started positively. lt has been found by experience that the grip between the shoes and the ringl is more positiw when there is a small contact at thc beginning ofthe operation. and as the wiggle acts to tlcX the brake shoe into conformity with the rinlgr the oil is readily squeezed out from between the ring and the bra he shoe thus allowing the middle surface to practically Contact to produce the requisite friction. This insures high friction efficiency between the brake shoe and the arm on that portion of the relative rotation where friction is desired and insures a proper lubrication l'ietween the parts on the release movement where no friction is required.

The brake shoes are preferably faced with some friction material2 preferably aluminum. which wears faster than the frictional surface l2 of the ring. This prevents eX cessive wear of the ring' at the ends of the shoe; and the shoe facing is easily replace-- able when worn out. By makingr the shoe thc resilient member the necessity of usine the flat spring of the patented shock ab sorber is avoided. Said flat spring is more liable to break than the shoe and the resilient shoe is a cheaper construction. l'tisto be noted that in Fig. l the means to apply the force to the middle of any one of the shoes is arranged between the other two shoes. By using the coil spring Q5 under the head of the adjusting bolt a constant adjustment is maintained by reason of the fact that when any wear docs occur between theI brake shoes and thc ring the spring forces the adjustingr` bolt out and thc adjusting' bolt draws outward the adjusting block which is tapered.

In practical use the adjusting bolt is kpreferably screwed down until the coil spring 25 is fully compressed. This maintains a constant adjustment for a very long period. Since the frictional faces of the shoes are not in conformity with the ring' and the toggle members act to deflect or spring them toward such conformity the oil or grease necessary to maintain proper lubrication is allowed to be squeezed out from betw een the friction faces as thel braking.r action is required. The bolt hole Z6 in the plate lt) is of larger diameter than the rpprorieh toward each other.y of said Chassis .ad a i le. because ihr, shoes slip freely in the fire"LA in that lor-sens the toggle members` out mi tl'i-' rw-.121e .in-weinent the eonait y( 'uns ander psessnro trom the springs l? l'rw .v llff mtifli on the frietional surface 1&3 nl thereby initiate the braking notion which increases as the toggle members :are swung toward radial position. thus spin ieing the shoes toward conformity7 with the frictional surface and producing varying frictional resistance between the shoe and Wall.

I claim l. The Combination with a circular ring,r wall of a resilient shoe having inside the wel! a frictional surface that normailf. hues not. 'conform to the wall, and means operable to vlrleft the shoe toward conformi@l with wa l to nioilizef trintional resistanribe tvweip abe sl. and the Wall.

shock frher (comprising relatively rotate ble ele: having friotional sun 'laeefx the frietional surface of the external one of said elements being circular; and the other element being resilient; and normally unoonfronted to the external friotional surface means to spring the resilient elementoutvsardly from its normal shape to effect varying frietional engagement between said elements.

3. In a shock absorber the combination with a eireiilar Wall, of a shoe of greater radins than the Wall, and means to apply 'torce to the middle of the shoe to effect frictiona action between said shoe and Wall.

fl. ln a shock absorber the combination with a circular Wall, of a shoe of different radius than the Wall, and means to apply force to the middle of the shoe to effect frietional action between said shoe and Wall.

he chassis and axle ilovivd to be e=2r=ipressed freely upon the "rl 5. In shock alisorber the combination with a eirenlar Wall. of an odd. number of resilient shoes 'which do not conform to the Wall, and floating means between said shoes to force said shoes into oonawmity with said Wall.

ln a slieeliv ner the combination with a circular nali. of in odd number of resilient shoes nhiiii lo no; eontorin to the Floating; tti/ssn" brineen said shoes to :said shoes nto eammfmity with said -siliifnt means to hohl said float- 1, operative 'inrsiion iwni'llwimxion with two relatively im. one ot wliieh has a eiryfv; to engage aid circular said being! nneofif 'med to the Mali: Hosting n'eans l t\i'f;en said shoes and fowl Menem lo 'f-rm the shoes against the rehitiw' o ation in one direc4 noon relative we. im; l resilient wenn: tw *i iif's'iiing means in opera time i i w relatively ich provided f owing di, :second Ei @tween said A se ini ineinjgliilsting adj .ist infr friotionail, Y operai ing means member; and a th:- 'ng blorl: beiween said slloe-operanir mear, and the seront. niember; an adj s: boil tor said adjusting blot-k and a pif acting' on the adjusting bolt to bold the .,iistin blorlt in adjust ing position relativo to the operative means, In testimony n'lnjieof. l have hereunto set my hand at Los Ange# California, this Stb day ot SeptemberY llli.

(llflt). (llb'lllNG MARTN. In presence ot--- JAMES R. TOWNSENU. L. BELLE Rien.

l lili) 

